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#Foraminifera

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Or M. Bialik

Globigerinoidesella fistulosa is one of the crazier looking #foraminifera we had in the #ocean, it has these digits growing out of it, and it all seems to be related to changes in growth patterns relative to its ancestor.

cambridge.org/core/journals/pa

SEM images of G. fistulosa
Public
Lukas VFN 🇪🇺

Ancient marine organism's dual-layer structure reveals both past and present ocean environments phys.org/news/2025-02-ancient-

A cosmopolitan calcifying benthic #foraminifera in agglutinated disguise as a geochemical recorder of coastal environments pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2413

"This species has a remarkable hidden feature—an inner shell made of calcium carbonate beneath its outer layer of gathered particles... [this] made them an excellent recorder of environmental conditions."

photo of an irregularly shaped microscopic organism
#Protists#Microbes
Public
Niels de Winter

Exploring macroevolutionary links in multi-species #planktonic #foraminifera Mg∕Ca and stable #oxygen #isotope from 15 Ma to recent @EGU_BioGeo bg.copernicus.org/articles/22/

bg.copernicus.orgExploring macroevolutionary links in multi-species planktonic foraminiferal Mg∕Ca and δ18O from 15 Ma to recentAbstract. The ratio of the trace element Mg over Ca (Mg/Ca) and the oxygen isotopic composition (δ18O) of foraminiferal calcite are widely employed for reconstructing past ocean temperatures, although geochemical signals are also influenced by several other factors that vary temporally and spatially. Here, we analyse a global dataset of Mg/Ca and δ18O data of 59 middle Miocene to recent species of planktonic foraminifera from a wide range of depth habitats, many of which have never been analysed before for Mg/Ca. We investigate the extent to which Mg/Ca and δ18O covary through time and space and identify several sources of mismatch between the two proxies. Once the data are adjusted for long-term non-thermal factors, Mg/Ca and δ18O are overall positively correlated in a way consistent with temperature being the dominant controller through both space and time and across many different species, including deep dwellers. However, we identify several species with systematic offsets in Mg/Ca values, to which multispecies calibrations should be applied with caution. We can track the appearance of such offsets through ancestor-descendent species over the last 15 Myr and propose that the emergence of these offsets may be the geochemical expression of evolutionary innovations. We find that virtually all of the Mg/Ca- and δ18O-derived temperatures from the commonly used genera Globigerinoides and Trilobatus are within uncertainty of each other, highlighting the utility of these species for paleoceanographic reconstructions. Our results highlight the potential of leveraging information from species lineages to improve sea surface temperature reconstruction from planktonic foraminifera over the Cenozoic.
Public
Lukas VFN 🇪🇺

New research on #protists sheds light on #DeepSea energy sources whoi.edu/press-room/news-relea

Array of metabolic pathways in kleptoplastidic #foraminifera supports #chemoautotrophy in dark, euxinic seafloor sediments academic.oup.com/ismej/article by Fatma Gomaa et al.

"This species takes up unrelated organism’s #chloroplasts — #organelles that perform #photosynthesis... We know #kleptoplasty is happening here, but we needed to understand why this foraminifer is so successful in the dark, without oxygen"

Underwater photo from a remotely operated vehicle. It shows the robot's manipulator arm taking samples from the flat muddy seafloor in front of it. The seafloor is covered in white granular material.
Public
Nina Davtian

Are past #ocean #temperature #reconstructions based on #geochemical indicators representative at the #local and #regional scales, as such reconstructions typically rely on a single #sediment core?
This new #scientific #publication—not co-authored by me—addresses this #question:
doi.org/10.1186/s40645-024-006
#Science
#ScienceMastodon #AcademicMastodon
#PaleoClimate #SeaTemperature #SeaSurfaceTemperature #SST
#Geochemistry #Foraminifera #MgCa #Biomarkers #Alkenones #GDGTs #isoGDGTs

SpringerOpenReplicability of paleotemperature records in the northern Okinawa Trough and its implications for paleoceanographic reconstructions - Progress in Earth and Planetary ScienceGeochemical proxies are frequently utilized in the reconstruction of past ocean temperatures. Due to resource constraints, these reconstructions typically rely on a single sediment core, raising questions about the local and regional representativeness of paleotemperature records. To address this, we analyzed four sediment cores located within a 10-km radius in the northern Okinawa Trough (OT), which share the same climatic forcing and thus should reflect similar climate variations. We compiled published data and generated new paleotemperature estimates based on three widely used geochemical proxies (foraminiferal Mg/Ca, $${\text{U}}_{37}^{{{\text{K}}^{\prime}}}$$ U 37 K ′ , $${\text{TEX}}_{86}$$ TEX 86 ). Analysis of the mean absolute deviations for nearby records based on the same proxy revealed that $${\text{U}}_{37}^{{{\text{K}}^{\prime}}}$$ U 37 K ′ has the highest reproducibility, followed by Mg/Ca and $${\text{TEX}}_{86}$$ TEX 86 . However, inconsistencies in inter-proxy offsets among nearby sites suggest the presence of noise in the proxy records, likely stemming from instrumental errors and sediment heterogeneity. Furthermore, the Mg/Ca and $${\text{U}}_{37}^{{{\text{K}}^{\prime}}}$$ U 37 K ′ paleotemperature records agree within uncertainty when accounting for inter-site variability and calibration uncertainties, challenging previous interpretations of temperature signals from different seasons. All proxies indicate similar glacial-interglacial trends, albeit with varying magnitudes of temperature change. Both Mg/Ca and $${\text{U}}_{37}^{{{\text{K}}^{\prime}}}$$ U 37 K ′ records suggest a glacial cooling of ~ 3 °C, whereas $${\text{TEX}}_{86}$$ TEX 86 sea surface temperature (SST) data indicate a stronger glacial cooling of approximately ~ 6–8 °C. Modern observations indicate a subsurface $${\text{TEX}}_{86}$$ TEX 86 recording depth of 50–100 m, coinciding with the thermocline. However, the $${\text{TEX}}_{86}$$ TEX 86 subsurface temperature (subT) record does not resemble the Mg/Ca records of thermocline-dwelling foraminifera species. Instead, there is a better agreement with benthic foraminiferal Mg/Ca records of Uvigerina spp. (~ 700 m) and the intermediate temperature record derived from radiolarian assemblages (~ 500 m), pointing to a $${\text{TEX}}_{86}$$ TEX 86 recording depth that is deeper than the thermocline. In summary, our findings show that proxy noise can impact inter-proxy comparisons of paleotemperature records, but not the direction of glacial-interglacial shifts. Future research should prioritize constraining the recording depth of paleotemperature proxies and reducing calibration uncertainty for more precise and reliable quantitative paleotemperature reconstruction.
Public
Warren Currie 🦠🦐

Weekend 🦠🦐
You may have seen reports about how plankton can't adapt quickly enough to due of acidification. This @ConversationUS article explains how they used deposits of fossil , a type of carbonate shelled amoeba to track change since the ice age. Forams with algal symbionts are vital to sequestering . They found poleward shifts are required away from the tropics, but warming now is too rapid.
theconversation.com/tiny-ocean

image/jpeg microscope photograph of a tadpole shaped yellow structure with hundreds of long radiating spines. Tiny dots surround the central axis. Photo: Howard J. Spero, University of California, Davis.
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